Parvovirus is both a virus name and a genus of the Parvoviridae family. Parvoviruses are typically linear, non-segmented single-stranded DNA viruses, with an average genome size of 5000 nucleotides. Parvoviruses are some of the smallest viruses found in nature (hence the name, from Latin parvus meaning small).
Parvovirus infects endothelial cells (vasculitis)
Parvovirus and endothelial
Parvovirus and Arthritis
Parvovirus and Arthritis
Migraiting pain is typical of vasculitis
Skin rash is a vasculitis sign
Parvovirus and skin rash
Fetal Hydrops
Parvovirus and Fetal Hydrops
Parvovirus equinta malattia
Parvovirus infection gives very different symptoms
[24 cases of human parvovirus B19 infection in children] 1992
Parvovirus increases IL-6 synthesis
A cytotoxic nonstructural protein, NS1, of human parvovirus B19 induces activation of interleukin-6 gene expression 1997
We examined the biological function of a nonstructural regulatory protein, NS1 , of human parvovirus B19. Because of the cytotoxic activity of NS1, human hematopoietic cell lines, K562, Raji, and THP-1, were established as transfectants which produce the viral NS1 protein upon induction by using bacterial lactose repressor/operator system. NS1 was significantly produced in the three transfectant cells in an inducer dose- and time-dependent manner. Surprisingly, these three transfectants secreted an inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6) , in response to induction. However, no production of other related cytokines, IL-1beta, IL-8, or tumor necrosis factor alpha, was seen. Moreover, NS1-primed IL-6 induction was transiently demonstrated in primary human endothelial cells. Analysis with luciferase reporter plasmids carrying IL-6 promoter mutant fragments demonstrated that NS1 effect is mediated by a NF-kappaB binding site in the IL-6 promoter region , strongly implying that NS1 functions as a trans-acting transcriptional activator on the IL-6 promoter. Our novel finding, IL-6 induction by NS1, supports the possible relationship between parvovirus B19 infection and polyclonal activation of B cells in rheumatoid arthritis and indicates that NS1 protein may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of some B19-associated diseases by modulating the expression of host cellular genes.
IL-6 is responsible for fibrinogen and CRP increase.
