Amylin (IAPP)
Pancreas

Author: Gianpiero Pescarmona
Date: 23/09/2018

Description

DEFINITION

Amylin, or islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), is a 37-residue peptide hormone. It is cosecreted with insulin from the pancreatic β-cells in the ratio of approximately 100:1 (insulin:amylin). Amylin plays a role in glycemic regulation by slowing gastric emptying and promoting satiety, thereby preventing post-prandial spikes in blood glucose levels

THE GENE

DatabaseLink
HGNCIAPP
UniprotIAPP_HUMAN

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND IMAGES

When relevant for the function

  • Primary structure
  • Secondary structure
  • Tertiary structure
  • Quaternary structure

Protein Aminoacids Percentage (Width 700 px)

No Trp: inhibitory effect on cell proliferation??

SYNTHESIS AND TURNOVER

mRNA synthesis
protein synthesis

post-translational modifications
degradation

CELLULAR FUNCTIONS

cellular localization,
biological function

IAPP+cell+proliferation

opposite effect on different cell types

IAPP+anorexigenic

IAPP+obesity

  • Enzymes
DatabaseLink
BRENDA - The Comprehensive Enzyme Information System"URL":
KEGG Pathways"URL":
Human Metabolome Database"URL":
  • Cell signaling and Ligand transport
  • Structural proteins

REGULATION

DIAGNOSTIC USE

In vitro effects of amylin on carbohydrate metabolism in liver cells. 1992

Abstract
Amylin, a peptide found in pancreatic amyloid deposits, may be involved in NIDDM. The effects of biosynthetic human amylin on multiple aspects of carbohydrate metabolism were studied in freshly isolated and cultured liver cells (rat hepatocytes and HepG2 cells). Acute exposure of culture liver cells to amylin had no effect on glucose incorporation into glycogen. Amylin directly reduced glucose oxidation through the hexose monophosphate shunt. The glycolytic pathway was unaffected. Amylin stimulated both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. These effects were largest at amylin concentrations of 1-10 pM. Insulin partially inhibited both of these responses. Glucagon stimulated glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to a similar extent as amylin but required concentrations 100- to 500-fold as high. Thus, amylin, at physiologic concentrations, can impair some aspects of glucose use in liver cells and is also capable of directly stimulating glucose production, suggesting a possible involvement of amylin in the impaired glucose disposal and elevated hepatic glucose output of NIDDM.

Attachments
fileuserdate
AMYL_INS_ch1.gifgp06/12/2018
AMYL_INS_ch2.gifgp06/12/2018
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