Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)
Interferons (IFNs)

Author: Gianpiero Pescarmona
Date: 08/03/2011

Description

DEFINITION

Interferon gamma is a dimerized soluble cytokine that is the only member of the type II class of interferons. The existence of this interferon, which early in its history was known as immune interferon, was described by E. F. Wheelock as a product of human leukocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin, and by others as a product of antigen-stimulated lymphocytes or tuberculin-sensitized mouse peritoneal lymphocytes challenged with PPD; the resulting supernatants were shown to inhibit growth of vesicular stomatitis virus. Those reports also contained the basic observation underlying the now widely employed interferon gamma release assay used to test for tuberculosis. In humans, the IFNγ protein is encoded by the IFNG gene

THE GENE

DatabaseLink
WikigenesIFNG
GeneCards"URL":
Your Favorite Gene Sigma"URL":

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND IMAGES

When relevant for the function

  • Primary structure
  • Secondary structure
  • Tertiary structure
  • Quaternary structure

Protein Aminoacids Percentage

SYNTHESIS AND TURNOVER

mRNA synthesis
protein synthesis

post-translational modifications
degradation

CELLULAR FUNCTIONS

cellular localization,
biological function

IFNG and MHC-1

IFNG is a signal of local poor proline availability

Gamma-interferon inhibits extracellular matrix synthesis and remodeling in collagen lattice cultures of normal and scleroderma skin fibroblasts. 1992

RFXB and its splice variant RFXBSV mediate the antagonism between IFNgamma and TGFbeta on COL1A2 transcription in vascular smooth muscle cells. 2009

interferon gamma and collagen

  • Enzymes
DatabaseLink
BRENDA - The Comprehensive Enzyme Information System"URL":
KEGG PathwaysIFNG
Human Metabolome Database"URL":
  • Cell signaling and Ligand transport

IFNG is a strong inducer of the following proteins

REGULATION

Induction by Glycyrrhizin

DIAGNOSTIC USE

Tryptophan forms the substrate for serotonin biosynthesis, but it can alternatively be catabolized to kynurenine (Kyn) by the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the main inducer of which is interferon-gamma

Tryptophan catabolism in females with irritable bowel syndrome: relationship to interferon-gamma, severity of symptoms and psychiatric co-morbidity.2008

Attachments
fileuserdate
IFNG_ch1.pnggp10/07/2016
IFNG_ch2.pnggp10/07/2016
IFNG_CHART1.gifgp08/03/2011
IFNG_CHART2.gifgp08/03/2011
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