GSH-Reductase
Glutathione (GSH)

Author: Gianpiero Pescarmona
Date: 15/10/2009

Description

DEFINITION

Glutathione reductase, also known as GSR or GR, is an enzyme (EC 1.8.1.7) that reduces glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to the sulfhydryl form GSH, which is an important cellular antioxidant.

THE GENE

DatabaseLink
HGNCGSR
UniprotGSHR

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND IMAGES

When relevant for the function

  • Primary structure
  • Secondary structure
  • Tertiary structure
  • Quaternary structure

Protein Aminoacids Percentage (Width 700 px)

on the basis of the ratio Glu/Gln GSR and Glu-Cys Ligase (GSH1) are the latest enzymes and appeared almost contemporary

SYNTHESIS AND TURNOVER

mRNA synthesis
protein synthesis

post-translational modifications
degradation

CELLULAR FUNCTIONS

cellular localization
The role of glutathione reductase and related enzymes on cellular redox homoeostasis network.

biological function 2016

Distribution of glutathione and glutathione-related enzyme systems in mitochondria and cytosol of cultured cerebellar astrocytes and granule cells.1995

One gene two localization in mitochondria and cytosol

Tom70 enhances mitochondrial preprotein import efficiency by binding to internal targeting sequences 2018

  • Enzymes
DatabaseLink
BRENDA - The Comprehensive Enzyme Information System"URL":
KEGG Pathways"URL":
Human Metabolome Database"URL":
  • Cell signaling and Ligand transport
  • Structural proteins

REGULATION

DIAGNOSTIC USE

Targeting Nrf2 to Suppress Ferroptosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegeneration 2018

The plant mitochondrial import machinery. Model of the import of precursor proteins into mitochondria and components of the translocation apparatus.

DUAL TARGETING OF GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE TO MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS

2005

Glutathione/thioredoxin systems modulate mitochondrial H2O2 emission: An experimental-computational study 2012

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