Pathways List

Pathways:

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Acid Vesicles
- Autophagy
  - ATG1 (ULK1_HUMAN)
  - Autophagy (neuronal)
- CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator)
- Cubilin and Megalin
- Lysosomal Enzymes
- Lysosomes
- Melanosomes
- Na+/H+ Antiport
- Proteins Secretion
- V-ATPase
- Vesicles Recycling and Cell Migration
Aminoacids Metabolism
- Arginine
- Aspartate and Asparagine
- Choline
- Creatine
- Cysteine
  - Cystinuria
- Glutamate Central Role
  - Glutamine Synthetase / Glutaminase
- Glutamine
- Glycine
- Methionine
  - Homocysteine
- One-Carbon Units Metabolism
  - Methylation
- Phenylalanine and Tyrosine
  - Phenylalanine Hydroxylase (PAH)
- Serine
- Threonine
- Tryptophan
Cancer Metabolism
- CD 133
- Metastasis
- Oncogene
  - Fumarate Hydratase
  - PHGDH (D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase)
- Warburg Effect
Carbohydrate Metabolism
- Galactose Metabolism
- Glucose Metabolism
- Glycosaminoglycans
- Inositol Metabolism
  - Glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (GPI) Anchor
Cell Proliferation
- Angiogenesis
  - Angiopoietin 1
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Differentiation
- In Vitro Cell Cultures
Circadian Rhythms
- Clock Related Genes
Coagulation
- Coagulation Proteins Evolution
  - Von Willebrand Factor
- Fibrinogen
- Fibrinolysis
  - PAI-1
- Haemophilia
- Prothrombin
- Thrombotic Genetic Risk Factors
  - Genetic Risk Factors
- Thrombotic events
  - Bacterial infection and cardiovascular disease
  - some statistics
Cofactors
- ATP
- Biotin
- Coenzyme Q
- Folic Acid, BH4 and Neopterin
  - BH4 and Neopterin
  - MTHFR polymorphism
- GTP
- NAD and NADP
  - NADH/NAD
    - Sirtuins
  - NADPH/NADP
- Vitamin K as cofactor
Enzymes
- 5 alpha reductase
- Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)
- Aminopeptidase A
- Amylase
- Aromatase
Ethanol Metabolism
Hormones
- Calcitonin
- Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
  - Adrenergic Receptors
- Galanin
- Gastrointestinal Hormones
  - Gastrin
- Hormones acting through Nuclear Receptors
- IGF system
- Insulin
- Parathormone
  - PTH (serum)
- Pituitary Hormones
Inflammation
- Acute Phase Proteins
- Inflammasomes
Inorganic Ions Metabolism
- Calcium
  - Calcium Metabolism
  - Ipocalcemia
- Chloride
- Copper
  - Ceruloplasmin 2
  - Copper IT
- Iodine
- Iron Metabolism
- Magnesium
- Manganese
- Phosphate
- Potassium
- Potassium 2
- Selenium
- Sodium
- Zinc
  - Metallothionein
  - Zinc metabolism
Lipids Metabolism
- Fatty Acid Desaturases
- Fatty Acids Transport
- Mevalonate Pathway
- PUFA metabolism
- Phospholipids
- Sphingolipids
  - Acid Sphingomyelinase
  - Sphingomielynases
- beta - Oxidation
Membrane Transport
- Active Transports
  - ABC transporters
  - Solute Carrier (SLC) Transporter
    - SLC Family 4: Bicarbonate Transporter
    - SLC Family 5: Glucose Transporter
- Nucleus-Cytosol Transport
- Passive Transport
  - Calcium Channels
  - Sodium channels
Metabolism
- Metabolomics
- Origin and evolution of metabolic pathways
Nucleic Acids Metabolism
- DNA Breaks and Repair
  - Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase (ATM)
- DNA Expansions
- DNA Methylation and Demethylation
- DNA Transcription
  - RNA Polymerase
    - RNA Polymerase II
- Epigenetics
  - Genomic Imprinting
    - Examples of human genome imprinting
- Genes Expression
  - Gene expression profile and signature generation-Concept of signature
  - Genetic Variability
    - Copy Number Variation (CNV)
- HMG Proteins (High-Mobility Group)
  - HMGB Family
- Histones
  - Histone Acetyltransferases
  - Histone Deacetylases
- Nucleotides metabolism
  - Cyclic Nucleotides Metabolism
    - cAMP synthesis
    - cGMP synthesis
- Purines and Pyrimidines Breakdown
- Purines and Pyrimidines Synthesis
- Telomere
- Viral RNA
- mRNA Alternative Splicing
- mRNA processing
- microRNAs
  - RNA Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
Nutrients
- Diet
  - Glycemic Index
  - Ketogenic Diet
- Fats
  - Cholesterol Absorption
  - PUFA (Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids)
- Micronutrients
  - Minerals
  - Vitamins
- Miscellaneous dietary supplements
- Regulation of Food Intake
Proteins Metabolism
- Proteins Post-translational Modifications
  - Mannose 6-Phosphate
  - Vitamin K dependent Carboxylation
- a. Protein synthesis
- b. Protein Degradation
  - Metalloproteinases
  - Proteasome
- c. Protein Recycling
Respiration
- Blood Flow - Hemoreology
- CO2 Production and Transport
- Oxygen Sensors
- Oxygen transport
- Respiratory Chain
Roles of the enzyme xanthine oxidase and its products.
Serum Proteins
- Apolipoprotein E
Signaling Pathways
- Activation by Proteolysis
  - Intramembrane Proteolysis
  - Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
    - Angiotensin
    - Bradykinin
- Calcium Signaling
  - Nitric Oxide
- Cytokines
  - Erythropoietin
  - Interferons (IFNs)
    - Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)
  - Interleukins
  - TNF alpha
  - TSLP (Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin)
  - Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)
- Cytokinins
- Gasotransmitters
- Growth Factors
  - Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF)
- Histamine
- Lipids Signaling
  - Ceramide
    - Sphingomyelinase
  - Eicosanoids
  - Endocannabinoids
    - Cannabinoids Receptors
    - Signaling Pathway
  - Endogenous Cannabinoids
  - PI3 Kinase (PI3K)
  - Phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) Second Messenger Systems
  - Phospholipases
- Membrane Potential and Ions Asimmetry
- Membrane Receptors
  - Frizzled (ligand Wnt)
    - Wnt
  - Hedgehog
- Metabolic markers
  - Adiponectin
  - Butyrate
  - Ghrelin
  - Leptin
  - Resistin
- Microvesicles as Signal Mediators
- Neurotransmitters
  - Acetylcholine
    - Acetylcholine Receptors
  - Catecholamines
  - Dopamine
  - Glutamate and Aspartate
  - Glycine as neurotransmitter
  - Neuropeptide Y
  - Serotonin and Melatonin
    - Melatonin
      - Melatonin: a modular molecule
        
        Melatonin as a drug
    - Serotonin
      - Serotonin Receptors (5-HT receptors)
- Nucleotides Derivatives
  - Adenosine
  - cAMP
  - cGMP
- Opioids
  - Opioid Receptors
- Protein Phosphorylation (Protein Kinases)
  - AGC Protein Kinases
  - AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase)
  - Akt/PKB
  - RTKs - Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
  - STKs - Serine/Threonine Kinases
    - STK11
- Redox Signaling
  - Endogenous Antioxidants
    - Glutathione (GSH)
      - GSH-Reductase
  - Oxygen Sensing
    - Hypoxia Induced Genes
  - ROS
- Signal Peptides
  - Natriuretic Peptides
- Transcription Factors
  - SREBP (Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein)
  - CAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (or C/EBPs)
  - CREBH
  - Forkhead Transcription Factors (Fox)
    - Foxp
  - HIF
    - Estrogen-Related Receptor (ERR)
    - Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (nur77)
  - Heat-Shock Factor (HSF)
  - Hedgehog and stem cells
  - Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1 (HNF1b, HNF1a)
  - IFI16
  - Interferons
  - JAK/STAT pathway
    - STAT
    - STAT3
  - JNK
  - MN1
  - NFkB
  - Notch
  - PAX8 - paired box 8
  - RUNX family
    - RUNX2
  - RXR and its Brothers
    - AR (Androgen Receptors)
    - CAR PXR
    - ER (Estrogen Receptors)
    - LXR FXR
    - PPAR
    - RXR (retinoid X receptor)
    - VDR (Vitamin D Receptor)
  - Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK-MAPK pathway
    - RAF
    - RAS
  - SMAD
    - SMAD6/SMAD7
  - SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)
  - TFEB
  - c-Myc
  - mTOR
  - p53
    - PUMA
  - pRB
- VEGF
  - Neuropilin 1
Various
Water Metabolism
- Disorders of water balance
- Thirst
- Water Loss
- Water Production
- Water Uptake