Mono Amino Oxidase (MAO)
Phenylalanine and Tyrosine

Author: Gianpiero Pescarmona
Date: 28/12/2019

Description

DEFINITION

Monoamine oxidases (MAO) (EC 1.4.3.4) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of monoamines, employing oxygen to clip off their amine group. They are found bound to the outer membrane of mitochondria in most cell types of the body. The MAOs belong to the protein family of flavin-containing amine oxidoreductases.

MAOs are important in the breakdown of monoamines ingested in food, and also serve to inactivate monoamine neurotransmitters. Because of the latter, they are involved in a number of psychiatric and neurological diseases, some of which can be treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which block the action of MAOs.

In humans, there are two types of MAO:

THE GENE

DatabaseLinkLink
HGNCMAOAMAOB
UniprotAOFA_HUMANAOFB_HUMAN

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND IMAGES

When relevant for the function

  • Primary structure
  • Secondary structure
  • Tertiary structure
  • Quaternary structure


Protein Aminoacids Percentage
The Protein Aminoacids Percentage gives useful information on the local environment and the metabolic status of the cell (starvation, lack of essential AA, hypoxia)

Protein Aminoacids Percentage (Width 700 px)

SYNTHESIS AND TURNOVER

mRNA synthesis
protein synthesis

MAO expression and hypoxia

post-translational modifications
degradation

CELLULAR FUNCTIONS

cellular localization

Both are found in neurons and astroglia.
Outside the central nervous system:

  • MAO-A is also found in the liver, pulmonary vascular endothelium, gastrointestinal tract, and placenta.
  • MAO-B is mostly found in blood platelets.

biological function

  • Enzymes
DatabaseLink
BRENDA - The Comprehensive Enzyme Information System"URL":
KEGG Pathways"URL":
Human Metabolome Database"URL":
  • Cell signaling and Ligand transport
  • Structural proteins

REGULATION

INHIBITORS

Rasagiline
Selegiline (Jumex)

DIAGNOSTIC USE

Attachments
fileuserdate
AOFA_and_B_ch_2.jpggp28/12/2019
AOFA_and_B_ch_22.jpggp28/12/2019
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