1) Virulence Factors:
1
HP Antigens
A. Urease
1
Living Dangerously: How Helicobacter Pylori survives in the human stomach - Montecucco, Rappuoli - Nature, 2001
2
Structure of HP urease
B. Adhesins
1
Helicobacter pylori in Health and Disease - Cover, Blaser - Gastroenterology, 2009
C. CagA and HP Type IV secretion system
1
Helicobacter pylori in Health and Disease – Cover, Blaser – Gastroenterology, 2009
2
Living Dangerously: How Helicobacter Pylori survives in the human stomach - Montecucco, Rappuoli - Nature,2001
3
CagA protein of Helicobacter pylori: a hijacker of gastric epithelial cell signaling. - Handa, Naito, Yoshikawa - Biochem Pharmacol.,2007
4
A tale of two toxins: Helicobacter pylori CagA and VacA modulate host pathways that impact disease - Kathleen R. Jones, Jeannette M. Whitmire and D. Scott Merrell - Frontiers in Microbiology,2010
D. VacA
1
Helicobacter pylori in Health and Disease - Cover, Blaser - Gastroenterology, 2009
2
Molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of the vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) and neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori - Montecucco, de Bernard - Microbes Infect, 2003
3
A tale of two toxins: Helicobacter pylori CagA and VacA modulate host pathways that impact disease - Kathleen R. Jones, Jeannette M. Whitmire and D. Scott Merrell - Frontiers in Microbiology, 2010
E. HP-NAP
1a,b
Helicobacter pylori, asthma and allergy - D’Elios, Codolo, Amedei, Mazzi, Berton, Zanotti, Del Prete, de Bernard - FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol, 2009
1c - 2
Structure of the Neutrophil-activating Protein from Helicobacter pylori - Zanotti, Papinutto, Dundon, Battistutta, Seveso, Del Giudice, Rappuoli, Montecucco - J. Mol. Biol., 2002
3
Molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of the vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) and neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori - Montecucco, de Bernard - Microbes Infect, 2003
4
The neutrophil-activating protein of Helicobacter pylori (HP-NAP) as an immunemodulating agent - D’Elios, Amedei, Cappon, Del Prete, Marina de Bernard - FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol, 2007
2) Consequences of HP colonization:
I. Tight junctions disruption
1
Targeted disruption of the epithelial-barrier by Helicobacter pylori - Wroblewski, Peek Jr - Cell Communication and Signaling, 2011
II. Gastritis, Peptic Ulcer, Oxidative Stress, Chronic Inflammation and Indirect Cancerogenicity
1
Progression of HP gastric colonization
2
Living Dangerously: How Helicobacter Pylori survives in the human stomach - Montecucco, Rappuoli - Nature, 2001
3
Pathogenesis of HP infection
4
Histological image of gastric mucosa
5
CagA protein of Helicobacter pylori: a hijacker of gastric epithelial cell signaling. - Handa, Naito, Yoshikawa - Biochem Pharmacol., 2007
6
The immune modulating activity of the Helicobacter pylori HP-NAP: Friend or foe? - de Bernard, D’Elios - Toxicon, 2010
7
Caspase-1 Has Both Pro-Inflammatory and Regulatory Properties in Helicobacter Infections, Which Are Differentially Mediated by Its Substrates IL-1β and IL-18 - Hitzler, Sayi, Kohler, Engler, Koch, Hardt, Müller - J Immunol., 2012
III. Immune Modulation
1
Helicobacter pylori, asthma and allergy - D’Elios, Codolo, Amedei, Mazzi, Berton, Zanotti, Del Prete, de Bernard - FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol, 2009
2
Th1 and Th2 cells
3-6
The effect of Helicobacter pylori on asthma and allergy - Amedei, Codolo, Del Prete, de Bernard, D'Elios - J Asthma Allergy, 2010
4
The neutrophil-activating protein of Helicobacter pylori (HP-NAP) as an immunemodulating agent - D’Elios, Amedei, Cappon, Del Prete, Marina de Bernard - FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol, 2007
5
Association Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of the Literature - Luther, Dave, Higgins, Kao - Inflamm Bowel Dis, 2010
IV. Iron Trafficking Perturbation
- Indirect mechanisms
1
Unique Host Iron Utilization Mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori Revealed with Iron-Deficient Chemically Defined Media - Senkovich, Ceaser, McGee, Testerman - Infection and Immunity, 2010
- Direct mechanisms
1-2
Transferrin Receptors
3-[ 4 ]
Alternative Splicing Regulates the Subcellular Localization of Divalent Metal Transporter 1 Isoforms - Tabuchi, Tanaka, Nishida-Kitayama, Ohno, Kishi - Mol Biol Cell., 2002
5-[ 6 ]
Crypt epithelial cells and iron absorption
7-[ 8 ]
Intracellular signals of iron status and transferrin cycle
*
Helicobacter pylori perturbs iron trafficking in the epithelium to grow on the cell surface. - Tan, Noto, Romero-Gallo, Peek Jr, Amieva - PLoS Pathog., 2011
- Without HP interference (1)
- After HP colonization (1)
- Without HP interference (2)
- After HP colonization (2)
- Without HP interference (3)
- After HP colonization (3)
V. Direct Oncogenic Activity
1-2
Oncogenic mechanisms of the Helicobacter Pylori CagA protein - Hatakeyama - Nat Rev Cancer, 2004
3-4
Mechanisms of disease: Helicobacter pylori virulence factors - Yamaoka - Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2010
VI. Effects on GI hormonal secretion and vitamin absorption
1
Helicobacter pylori infection and circulating ghrelin levels: a systematic review - Nweneka, Prentice - BMC Gastroenterology, 2011
2
Ghrelin and Helicobacter pylori infection - Osawa - World J Gastroenterol, 2008
3
Impaired Production of Gastric Ghrelin in Chronic Gastritis Associated with Helicobacter pylori - Osawa, Nakazato, Date, Kita, Ohnishi, Ueno, Shiiya, Satoh, Ishino, Sugano - J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 2005
*
Micronutrients (Other than iron) and Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Systematic Review - Lahner, Persechino, Annibale - Helicobacter, 2012
